November 12 – world day against pneumonia. In 1928 year, the English microbiologist Alexander Fleming announced the discovery of penicillin that became a revolution in the history of medicine. However, despite the widespread use of antibiotic therapy and vaccination, pneumonia remains the leading cause of death in developing countries and among the elderly, infants and chronically ill. Pneumonia annually affects up to 7% of the population that is currently responsible for approximately 2% of all deaths. Many famous people died of pneumonia and in past centuries and in recent times, after the invention of penicillin. Remember some of them.
- That is not treated
- UN: 69 million children under 5 years of age can die from the disease by 2030
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- My friend SARS
- The chief of the Birobidzhan STUMPS dismissed after the death of ten patients from pneumonia
Leo Tolstoy
Perhaps that’s what almost everyone I know at school – died of pneumonia. The death of the great Russian writer was indeed tragic – in its decision to spend her last years according to their views, 82-year-old writer secretly left Yasnaya Polyana, accompanied by only your doctor. The writer visited the Optina Hermitage, and then, Shamordino and went on. Accompanied Tolstoy later testified that a purpose of travel was not. After the meeting, decided to go to his niece in Novocherkassk, but Leo felt bad, affected previously caught a cold, which turned into lobar pneumonia. Accompanying were forced on the same day, to interrupt a trip and make the patient of Leo Tolstoy from the train at the first big station near the settlement.
Leo Tolstoy tried to save the six doctors, but their offers to help, he only replied, “God will provide”. When asked what he most wants, he said, “I want to be me no one bothered”. The last meaningful words, which he pronounced a few hours before his death the eldest son, which that of excitement is unable to parse, but who had heard the doctor Makovitsky were: “Serezha… the truth… I love many, I love all…”
The elder Varsonofy, the Abbot of Optina, arrived at the station Astapovo, to give the opportunity to Tolstoy to reconcile with the Church. He had a spare Holy Gifts. If a Thick whisper in his ear say just one word, “repent”, he has the right to give communion. But the elder was not allowed to the writer, how not to let him his wife and some of his closest relatives among the Orthodox believers.
7 (20) November 1910, after a severe and painful illness, Leo Tolstoy died at the home of the stationmaster.
Nicholas I
Around the death of Emperor Nicholas I, there were many rumors, among which was the release of suicide and poisoning. According to the official version, the Emperor died as a result of pneumonia – a cold, taking hits in a light coat, being already sick with the flu. It started on the disappointing news from the besieged Sevastopol and worsened after receiving news of the defeat of the army near Evpatoria what was perceived as the harbinger of inevitable defeat in the Crimean war, through which Nicholas, at the warehouse of his character, could not. Exit the king at the parade in the cold without an overcoat was interpreted as an intention to death. According to the stories, and court physician Mundt said to the king: “Sire, it is worse than death, that’s suicide!”
The Emperor fell ill, but at the approach of death maintained full composure. He managed to say goodbye to each of his children and grandchildren, blessed them, spoke to them with a reminder that they remain friendly with each other. The last words of the Emperor addressed to his son, Alexander, was the phrase “Hold fast…”
Maxim Gorky
No less of rumors around the death of Russian writer Maxim Gorky, among which is also called poisoning. However, according to the testimony of a large number of witnesses, that pneumonia was the cause of death of 68-year-old writer. Bitter cold after visiting the grave of the son in the Novodevichy cemetery, who died two years earlier from pneumonia. The writer has been in a roller coaster three weeks. It became clear that the patient will not recover. Three times to the bedside of the dying Gorky came Stalin.
The last words of Gorky, known in history, was told by the nurse Lipe (O. D. Chertkova) – “you know I’m with God now argued. Wow, arguing!”
Ivan Goncharov
“Open” was the last major work of fiction of the Russian writer I. A. Goncharov. A writer once said about this novel, “this child of my heart.” Over it it worked for about 20 years, until old age, overcoming physical ailments. But after the end of the work his life there was very difficult: sick, lonely, potters often succumb to mental depression. Recent years he lived completely alone. In the 80th year of his life he caught a cold and three days later, on the night of September 15, died of pneumonia. Ivan was buried in the New St. Nicholas cemetery of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra.
Sofia Kovalevskaya
The first in Russia and in Northern Europe, the female Professor and the world’s first female Professor of mathematics Sofia Kovalevskaya died very young – at the age of 41 years. In 1891, on the way from Berlin to Stockholm, Sophia found out that in Denmark, there was an outbreak of smallpox. Terrified, she decided to change the route. But, except for an open crew to continue the trip was nothing, and she had to catch it. On the way Kovalevskaya cold. The flu went into pneumonia.
Sofia Kovalevskaya died in Stockholm “from pleurisy and paralysis of the heart.” Buried in Stockholm’s Northern cemetery.
Vera Mamontova
Vera Savvichna Mamontov, the famous “girl with peaches”, the daughter of a famous Russian businessman and patron of arts Savva Mamontov, has died of a transient pneumonia in 32 years. Her husband, Alexander Dmitrievich Samarin, in her memory was built the Church of the Trinity in the vicinity of Pavlovsky Posad. Faith itself buried in his father’s estate, about the Abramtsevo Church. Alexander Samarin favorite survived for exactly a quarter of a century and never been married. In marriage they had three children.
Rene Descartes
French philosopher, mathematician, mechanic, physicist and physiologist, the founder of analytical geometry and modern algebraic symbolism, Rene Descartes died of pneumonia. Scientist persecuted Church leaders for his teachings, views and free-thinking, and in the end he succumbed to the persuasion of Queen Christina of Sweden (which for many years was actively texting) and moved to Stockholm. Almost immediately after moving he was suffering from a severe cold and soon died at the age of 53, supposedly of pneumonia.
Ivan Petrovich Pavlov
Academician Pavlov, the Creator of the science of higher nervous activity, Nobel laureate in medicine and physiology, a monument-a bust of Descartes near his laboratory, because he considered it the forerunner of their research. The great physiologist died at the age of 86 years old for the same reason as Descartes, from pneumonia.
Chingiz Aitmatov
The cause of death of the famous writer Chingiz Aitmatov was the consequences of a severe form of pneumonia. About a month his body was struggling with complications from pneumonia. In the last days of his life supported by a ventilator.
79-year-old Aitmatov badly felt in Kazan, where he arrived on a film based on the novel “And longer than a century lasts a day”. An ambulance took the writer to the hospital of Kazan. The health of the writer was watched by the best doctors of the country. They decided that they had better transfer to the European medical establishment, and soon he was taken to a German clinic. Initially, the health status of the writer has improved a little. However, to overcome the disease the writer has failed.