September 8 is celebrated the Day of military glory of Russia — Day of the battle of Borodino in 1812. “No wonder all Russia remembers about day of Borodino!” — wrote Lermontov. Why now we often say “the day of Borodino”? And how to understand what to do with such names? Memo from “Pravmir”.
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In Cochin — is illiterate?
No, just competently. This option was correct originally: geographical names of Slavic origin in -ovo, -Evo, -Ino, -ina traditionally inclined: in Moscow, in Peredelkino.
The tendency to naklonenie appeared in the last few decades. Remember the cartoon about uncle Fyodor: it was called “Vacation in Prostokvashino” (not in Prostokvashino). This means that about that time began to settle down indeclinable option. Now considered correct, both old and new. But a model is exactly the one that Lermontov, the finitely conjugated.
If traditionally such names tended, where did naklonenie?
From the speech of military and geographers. Very important for them the original form of the name to avoid any confusion. But then indeclinable options have emerged in normal speech. At first, they seemed too formal, lifeless.
“”I live in Odintsovo, in Kratovo”, not “in Odintsovo, Kratovo” — a habit not persuade names gives live speech of some official character,” wrote Lydia Chukovskaya Korneeva.
Habit is not to persuade such names gradually began to penetrate it in the 70-80-ies and spread so widely that of the original normal forgotten. That’s why radio listeners are often outraged and write to radio stations angry letters: “Teach your illiterate leading to say! Not in Bibirevo and in Bibirevo!” Leading making excuses, read the rules — but nothing works: declension of names in-o continues to cause irritation.
There are cases when persuade names such undesirable?
Yes, there is. For example, if we are dealing with similar names: Pushkin and Pushkin, Kirov and Kirovo. It was immediately clear what kind of village is it better indeclinable form.
To tip names in -ovo, -Evo, -Ino, -ANO not in the case if the settlement is named after a famous person: “At the entrance to Lermontovo”.
And, of course, plays the role of the presence of generalized words: city, village, town. Combined with a generic word these names are not declined: in Lublin, but in the Lublin district; in Gadyukina, but in the village Gadyukino.
All these rules apply only to Russian names?
No, the name may not be Russian. The most important is of Slavic origin. So the name Kosovo, for example, can also and to lean and not to lean: in Kosovo, from Kosovo, about Kosovo.
Will cease if they ever lean?
It is quite possible. Because that tendency is already there. And generally Russian language often chooses options “for the lazy”: this is why many cease to persuade numerals, and some linguists predict them soon petrification.
It is possible that “the day of Borodino” ever really leave in the past and will be only in Lermontov’s poem. Well, now you can easily induce the title, as did the poet.